Masaccio

Masaccio died at about twenty seven having already changed painting. The Brancacci Chapel frescoes in Florence, painted with Masolino in the 1420s, use single point perspective and consistent light falling from one direction, and figures cast real shadows.

The Expulsion from the Garden of Eden shows Adam covering his face and Eve howling, both bodies heavy and awkward in a way no painter had risked. Michelangelo and Raphael both drew from these frescoes as students.

The Holy Trinity at Santa Maria Novella sets a painted chapel into a flat wall with such accurate perspective that it appears to recede several feet. Almost nothing is known about his life, the surviving attributed works number under a dozen, and he was reportedly buried without a marker.